🏗️ Building Hindi Sentences: Your LEGO Adventure!
Imagine you have a box of colorful LEGO blocks. Each block is a word. To build something cool, you need to put the blocks in the right order. That’s exactly how Hindi sentences work!
🧱 The Magic Formula: Subject-Object-Verb (SOV)
In English, we say: “I eat an apple” (Subject-Verb-Object)
But Hindi is like building a LEGO house from back to front: “I apple eat” = मैं सेब खाता हूँ (Main seb khaata hoon)
🎯 The Simple Rule
| English Order | Hindi Order |
|---|---|
| I (Subject) | मैं (Main) |
| eat (Verb) | खाता हूँ (khaata hoon) |
| apple (Object) | सेब (seb) |
English: I eat apple → Hindi: I apple eat
📦 More Examples
| English | Hindi | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Ram eats food | राम खाना खाता है | Ram khaana khaata hai |
| Sita reads book | सीता किताब पढ़ती है | Seeta kitaab padhti hai |
| I drink water | मैं पानी पीता हूँ | Main paani peeta hoon |
💡 Remember: In Hindi, the action word (verb) always comes at the END, like the cherry on top of a cake!
❓ Asking Questions: The Question Game
Want to ask something? It’s super easy! Just change your voice tone OR add a magic question word!
🪄 Method 1: Just Change Your Voice!
Same sentence, different tone. Raise your voice at the end!
| Statement | Question |
|---|---|
| तुम जाते हो (You go) | तुम जाते हो? (You go?) ↗️ |
| वह खाता है (He eats) | वह खाता है? (He eats?) ↗️ |
🎪 Method 2: Magic Question Words
Add these special words to ask specific questions:
| Question Word | Hindi | Example |
|---|---|---|
| What? | क्या (kya) | क्या तुम खाते हो? (Do you eat?) |
| Who? | कौन (kaun) | कौन आया? (Who came?) |
| Where? | कहाँ (kahaan) | तुम कहाँ जाते हो? (Where do you go?) |
| When? | कब (kab) | वह कब आएगा? (When will he come?) |
| Why? | क्यों (kyon) | तुम क्यों रोते हो? (Why do you cry?) |
| How? | कैसे (kaise) | तुम कैसे हो? (How are you?) |
🌟 Special Trick with “क्या” (Kya)
Put क्या at the start to turn ANY sentence into a yes/no question!
- Statement: तुम जाते हो (You go)
- Question: क्या तुम जाते हो? (Do you go?)
🚫 Saying “NO”: The Power of Negation
Want to say “no” or “not”? Use these magic words!
🛑 The Three “NO” Words
| Word | Hindi | When to Use | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| नहीं | naheen | Most common “not” | मैं नहीं जाता (I don’t go) |
| मत | mat | Commands/requests | मत जाओ! (Don’t go!) |
| न | na | Polite/literary | वह न आया (He didn’t come) |
📍 Where to Put “नहीं”?
Put it RIGHT BEFORE the verb!
मैं खाना खाता हूँ → मैं खाना नहीं खाता हूँ
(I eat food) → (I don't eat food)
🎭 Examples in Action
| Positive | Negative |
|---|---|
| मैं जाता हूँ (I go) | मैं नहीं जाता (I don’t go) |
| वह पढ़ती है (She reads) | वह नहीं पढ़ती (She doesn’t read) |
| Command: जाओ! (Go!) | मत जाओ! (Don’t go!) |
⚡ Emphatic Particles: Adding POWER to Your Words!
Want to make your words stronger? Add these tiny power boosters!
💪 The Emphasis Squad
| Particle | Sound | What It Does | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ही | hee | “Only/exactly this” | मैं ही जाऊँगा (Only I will go) |
| भी | bhee | “Also/too” | मैं भी जाऊँगा (I will also go) |
| तो | to | “Indeed/then” | वह तो आया (He indeed came) |
🎯 Where Do They Go?
Right AFTER the word you want to emphasize!
| Without Emphasis | With Emphasis |
|---|---|
| राम आया (Ram came) | राम ही आया (Only Ram came) |
| सीता गई (Sita went) | सीता भी गई (Sita also went) |
| वह जाता है (He goes) | वह तो जाता है (He indeed goes) |
🌟 Fun Tip: Think of these particles like adding sparkles to your words!
🔗 Conjunctions: Connecting Your Ideas
Conjunctions are like bridges that connect two islands of thought!
🌉 The Connection Words
| Conjunction | Hindi | Example |
|---|---|---|
| And | और (aur) | राम और सीता (Ram and Sita) |
| But | लेकिन/पर (lekin/par) | मैं जाना चाहता हूँ लेकिन नहीं जा सकता |
| Or | या (ya) | चाय या कॉफ़ी? (Tea or coffee?) |
| Because | क्योंकि (kyonki) | मैं नहीं आया क्योंकि बीमार था |
| If | अगर (agar) | अगर तुम आओगे, मैं खुश होऊँगा |
| So/Therefore | इसलिए (isliye) | बारिश हुई इसलिए मैं नहीं आया |
📝 Building Longer Sentences
Simple: मैं जाता हूँ (I go)
+
वह आता है (He comes)
↓
Combined: मैं जाता हूँ और वह आता है
(I go and he comes)
📚 Sentence Types: The Four Flavors
Every sentence has a personality! Here are the four types:
1️⃣ Declarative (विधानार्थक) - Telling Facts
Just stating something. Ends with a period.
| Example | Meaning |
|---|---|
| मैं स्कूल जाता हूँ | I go to school |
| आज गर्मी है | It’s hot today |
2️⃣ Interrogative (प्रश्नार्थक) - Asking Questions
Ends with a question mark. Voice goes UP ↗️
| Example | Meaning |
|---|---|
| क्या तुम आओगे? | Will you come? |
| कहाँ जा रहे हो? | Where are you going? |
3️⃣ Imperative (आदेशार्थक) - Commands & Requests
Telling someone to do something!
| Polite | Firm | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| कृपया बैठिए | बैठो! | Please sit / Sit! |
| ज़रा सुनिए | सुनो! | Please listen / Listen! |
4️⃣ Exclamatory (विस्मयादिबोधक) - Showing Emotions!
Full of feelings! Ends with an exclamation mark!
| Example | Emotion |
|---|---|
| वाह! क्या बात है! | Wow! How wonderful! |
| अरे! तुम यहाँ! | Oh! You’re here! |
| बहुत सुंदर! | So beautiful! |
🎨 Putting It All Together
Let’s build a complete sentence step by step!
Example: “Only Ram will also go to school tomorrow”
graph TD A["Subject: राम Ram"] --> B["Emphasis: ही only"] B --> C["Also: भी too"] C --> D["Time: कल tomorrow"] D --> E["Place: स्कूल school"] E --> F["Verb: जाएगा will go"]
Result: राम ही भी कल स्कूल जाएगा
🎯 Quick Summary
| Concept | Key Point |
|---|---|
| Word Order | Subject → Object → Verb (SOV) |
| Questions | Add क्या or question words |
| Negation | Use नहीं before verb, मत for commands |
| Emphasis | Add ही/भी/तो after the word |
| Conjunctions | और, लेकिन, या, क्योंकि, अगर |
| Sentence Types | Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative, Exclamatory |
🚀 You Did It!
You now know the building blocks of Hindi sentences! Like a master LEGO builder, you can now:
✅ Arrange words in the right order ✅ Ask questions like a pro ✅ Say “no” in different ways ✅ Add power to your words ✅ Connect ideas smoothly ✅ Use all four sentence types
Practice makes perfect! Try making your own sentences using these rules. You’ve got this! 💪